Numerical Analysis of the Aerodynamic Interactions in Tandem Flying Snake Airfoils
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: During gliding, flying snakes flatten their ribs to create an airfoil-like cross-section and adopt S-shape postures, allowing upstream body segments to generate wake structures that affect the aerodynamic performance of downstream segments. This study investigates these interactions using numerical simulations of two-dimensional snake cross-sectional airfoils. By employing an immersed-boundary-method-based incompressible flow solver with tree topological local mesh refinement, various foil positions and movements were analyzed. The results show that aligning the downstream foil with the upstream foil reduces lift production by 86.5% and drag by 96.3%, leading to a 3.77-fold increase in the lift-to-drag ratio compared to a single airfoil. This improvement is attributed to the vortex-wedge interaction between the upstream vortex and the following foil's leading edge (wedge), which enhances the gliding efficiency of the posterior body. Furthermore, integrating specific pitching motions with coordinated vortex shedding could further optimize its lift production. These findings provide valuable insights into the aerodynamics of tandem flying snake airfoils, offering guidance for configuring optimal body postures for improving gliding efficiency.
Source: Biomimetics
Authors: Yuchen Gong, Jiacheng Guo, Alexander He, Ye Sun, Haibo Dong
Institutions: University of Virginia, University of Maryland, College Park
Language: English
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,654
Funder: National Science Foundation
OpenAlex ID: W4408343735