Year: 2025
Type: conference-paper
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Background and Importance Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections in children, having a considerable impact on healthcare system and later comorbidities. Aim and Objectives To describe the characteristics of patients admitted for RSV bronchiolitis during the first immunisation campaign with nirsevimab, conducted from October 2023 to March 2024 Material and Methods Prospective observational study. It included patients admitted for RSV infection who were eligible for nirsevimab. Campaign included infants under 6 months at the start, those born during the campaign and high-risk patients aged 6 months to 2 years. Collected variables: age, immunisation status, admission in Intensive Care Unit (ICU), suspected bacterial superinfection, type of respiratory support required, length of hospital stay (LOS) and oxygen therapy. Results Patients ≤ 6 months: There was a 67% reduction in admissions comparing the previous year (57 vs.172). Of the 57 admitted patients, 81% had not received immunisation and 10 patients were considered high-risk for severe disease, seven of whom were not immunised. All non-immunised patients (NIP) required respiratory support while 10% of immunised patients (IP) did not require it. Maximum respiratory support required is shown in table 1. Seventeen patients required ICU admission (76% NIP), with median ICU LOS of 3 (1–4) days, and 26% showed signs of bacterial superinfection. Median LOS for IP and NIP was 5 days with different ranges (2–12) for NIP and (3–7) for IP. Patients 6 months-2 years Ninety-nine percent of admitted patients were NIP (83), only 7% met immunisation criteria. Maximum respiratory support required is shown in table 2. Fifteen percent of the patients required ICU admission, with a median LOS of 4 (1–13) days, and the majority (10) had suspected bacterial superinfection. Sixty percent of the patients admitted to the ICU presented high-risk for severe disease. Median LOS was 4 days (1–37). Conclusion and Relevance In this study we appreciate a decrease in admissions among immunised patients; however, it does not seem to modify the course of the disease compared to non-immunised patients in terms of oxygen therapy needs and LOS, although there is a tendency to shorten them. Further studies are needed to confirm these observations. References and/or Acknowledgements Conflict of Interest No conflict of interest
Authors: E Algarra, A Merino Pardo, M Cuervas-Mons, B Riva de la Hoz, B Leal Pino, M Echávarri De Miguel, S Martin Pardo, L Fernandez Romero
Institution: Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús
Language: English
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
OpenAlex ID: W4408377262