Work

The young stellar cluster towards IRAS 03523+5343

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: We present a study of the star formation occurring in the most active region of a molecular cloud in the second quadrant of the (outer) Galaxy towards IRAS 03523+5343. Near-infrared J H K S images and K -band spectroscopy were obtained with NOTCam at the Nordic Optical Telescope at the Roque de Los Muchachos Observatory. Mid-infrared WISE satellite images and submm JCMT/SCUBA-2 catalogue sources were also explored. In addition, millimetre line CS spectra were obtained with the Yebes 40 m telescope. Within the region of the molecular cloud covered by our CS ( J = 1 − 0 ) maps, the line is strong and extends over all the mapped region of 3 . 7 ′ × 3 . 7 ′ . This high-density molecular gas defines a molecular core exhibiting an angular size FWHM of about 1 ′ (0.7 pc at 2.4 kpc distance). We estimate a lower limit to the mass of the molecular gas in this region to be about 995 M ⊙ . A SCUBA-2 core was detected with an estimated total mass of 250 M ⊙ . We identify a young stellar cluster with a few hundred sources with colours compatible to YSOs at the location of a strong enhancement of the stellar density coincident with the IRAS position. The main counterpart of the IRAS source is a very red and bright source with radio jets likely to be a high-mass young stellar object. A second bright source is a Herbig Be candidate source displaying a blue nebula with a morphology that suggests the dissipation of a collimated flow. • The molecular region towards IRAS 03523+5343 is mapped using the CS(1-0) transition. • The young stellar content of the cluster detected towards IRAS 03523+5343 is described. • The cluster contains an intermediate and a high-mass young stellar objects. • Near-infrared nebular emission is seen and uncovers this active star formation site.

Source: New Astronomy

DOI: 10.1016/j.newast.2025.102405

Authors: João L. Yun, Pedro M. Martins, Gorka Zubiri-Elso, Anlaug Amanda Djupvik