Work

Severe adenovirus pneumonia complicated by acute respiratory distress syndrome in immunocompetent patients: a case report and literature review

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Background: Human adenovirus (HAdV) is one of the most important pathogens detected in acute respiratory illness in pediatric and immunocompromised patients, but it is relatively rare to develop severe pneumonia in immunocompetent patients. We analyzed the clinical features, as well as the diagnosis and treatment processes, to provide a reference for clinical practice. Case presentation: We report a case of severe pneumonia caused by HAdV, complicated by acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), in an immunocompetent patient with no underlying conditions. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed consolidation in the right lower lung. Conventional microbial tests were negative, but metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) identified a large number of HAdV sequences in blood and sputum. Together with the clinical symptoms, this confirmed the diagnosis of severe pneumonia caused by HAdV. The patient was discharged after timely treatment with cidofovir. Conclusion: In our study, we described a rare case of severe pneumonia caused by HAdV, complicated by ARDS, in an immunocompetent patient. mNGS proves to be an effective diagnostic tool for guiding treatment decisions.

Source: Frontiers in Medicine

DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1524783

Authors: Lei Zhang, Yuxin Guo, Xudong Wang, Wei Gai, Lina Liu

Institution: Aerospace Center Hospital

Language: English

Topic: Respiratory viral infections research

Subfield: Epidemiology

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $3,801