The utility of nonhuman primate models for understanding acute HIV-1 infection
Year: 2025
Type: review
Abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Nonhuman primate (NHP) models of HIV-1 infection provide complementary experimental pathways for assessing aspects of acute HIV-1 infection (AHI) that cannot be addressed in humans. This article reviews acute infection studies in SIV-infected or SHIV-infected macaque species over the previous 18 months. RECENT FINDINGS: Reviewed studies examined the dynamics of replication-competent viral reservoir establishment during early infection, reservoir maintenance throughout therapy, and factors influencing viral rebound after treatment cessation. Also discussed are acute infection events in the central nervous system and liver and potential links between these events and manifestations of comorbidities during chronic infection. Additional studies addressed how occurrences during acute infection impact the development of natural viral control or posttreatment control. Another report evaluated treatment during acute infection with broadly neutralizing antibodies with enhanced ability to engage innate immune cells, highlighting the ability of this early intervention to shape innate and adaptive antiviral responses. SUMMARY: NHP models of HIV-1 infection are a fundamental research tool for investigating AHI events. These models enable detailed pathogenesis characterization and the testing of hypothesis-driven strategies for altering disease courses through interventions during AHI, including targeting viral persistence and comorbidities that persist throughout chronic infection.
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS
Authors: Matthew S. Parsons, Diane L. Bolton
Language: English
Topic: HIV Research and Treatment
Subfield: Virology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Funder: National Institutes of Health
OpenAlex ID: W4408546840