European fascism and nationalism, 1919–1945: a theoretical discussion
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: The article discusses the ways in which nationalism as a concept has been historiographically related to European fascism(s) by both nationalism studies and fascism studies. First, it addresses the puzzling lack of dialogue between nationalism and fascism studies. While scholars of fascism take it for granted that radical ‘nationalism’ is a key element in the existence of fascism, scholars of nationalism tend to propose a much more complex and plural notion of nationalism as a historical phenomenon. Thus, while historians of fascism tended to see nationalism as a precursor to fascism, nationalism studies insist on the multifaceted nature of the national idea and nationalist mobilization, and stress its Janus face. The article then examines the uncertainties raised by some definitions of fascism that emphasize the role of nationalism. Finally, a definition of the fascist variant of nationalism is proposed, aiming at identifying its main characteristics, from social Darwinist views of international society to the role played by charismatic leadership as a synthesis of the reified virtues of the nation.
Source: National Identities
Author: Xosé M. Núñez Seixas
Institution: Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
Language: English
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W4408612491