Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: The calculation of mass transfer efficiency in a centrifugal apparatus with a wire mesh packing has been performed, taking into account the complex interaction of structural, hydrodynamic, and physicochemical parameters of the process. In this study, the developed methodology is based on empirical equations that describe the mechanisms of mass transfer between the gas and liquid phases under conditions of intense turbulent flow. A distinctive feature of the calculations is the application of similarity criteria, such as Reynolds, Weber, and Galileo numbers, which make it possible to account for the complex influence of parameters related to the apparatus design, properties of the working media, and hydrodynamic conditions. The modeling is based on equations for determining the mass transfer coefficient, which consider the influence of such structural parameters of the apparatus as the radius of the packing, the height of the wire mesh layer, and the cell size of the mesh. Hydrodynamic characteristics, including the flow velocity of the gas and liquid, the density and viscosity of both phases, as well as the surface tension of the liquid, were also taken into account. These parameters are critical to achieving a high degree of phase contact and enhancing mass transfer efficiency. The calculations made it possible to determine the mass transfer coefficient as a function of the gas and liquid flow rates, their thermophysical properties, and the geometric characteristics of the apparatus design. It was assumed that the final concentration of carbon dioxide at the outlet of the apparatus equals zero, allowing for the modeling of ideal conditions to evaluate the maximum efficiency of the process. The results of the study enabled not only the prediction of mass transfer process efficiency under various operating conditions but also the optimization of the apparatus design. This made it possible to identify the parameters that ensure the most effective separation of gas and liquid phases. In particular, the influence of changes in the height of the wire mesh packing, the apparatus diameter, and the flow rates of the gas and liquid on efficiency indicators was assessed. Thus, the calculations, carried out, enabled to evaluate the relationship between the geometric parameters of the packing, flow velocity, and mass transfer efficiency. This has practical significance for the industrial implementation of centrifugal apparatuses with wire mesh packing in various fields. It is especially relevant for areas such as gas purification from harmful components, the chemical and petrochemical industries, where intensive and stable mass transfer is required under compact operating conditions.
Authors: O.A. Zabolotnyi, A.S. Solomakha
Language: English
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4408869487