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AQP4-IgG-Seropositive Patient Who Silently Carried Anti-NMDAR Antibodies Developed Encephalitis During A Relapse

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: The association of autoimmune diseases is relatively common. Comorbidity anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) is an unusual and rare overlapping syndrome. We report the case of an AQP4-IgG-seropositive NMOSD patient who developed anti-NMDAR encephalitis during corticosteroid treatment for a relapse of Longitudinal Extensive Transverse Myelitis (LETM), with the presence of anti-NMDAR antibodies in the serum two years earlier. The patient showed significant improvement in both clinical syndromes with a good response to steroid and immunosuppressive therapy. Conclusion Early diagnosis and treatment of overlapping autoimmune syndromes, such as AQP4+IgG seropositive NMOSD with anti-NMDAR encephalitis, are key factors for ensuring early and better recovery outcomes.

Source: Frontiers in Medical Case Reports

DOI: 10.47746/fmcr.2025.6101

Authors: Andrés María Villa, Carla Seimandi, Ana Mariel Finkelsteyn, Analisa Manin, Graciela Ramos

Institutions: Universidad de Buenos Aires, Hospital Ramos Mejía, El Hospital General de Agudos Carlos G. Durand

Language: English

Topic: Autoimmune Neurological Disorders and Treatments

Subfield: Neurology

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: bronze

OpenAlex ID: W4408880125

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