Work

Compact Reflective Metasurface: Production of Broadband Vortex Beams in Millimeter Waves

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: A low-profile reflectarray has been designed in the Ka-band to efficiently generate wideband orbital angular momentum (OAM) vortex beams. The proposed design employs a reflective phase-shifting patch etched onto a dielectric substrate, featuring a three-square loop structure intersected by two transverse dipoles. This unit cell achieves a 440° phase shift at 30 GHz with a minimal magnitude loss of (−0.25 dB), enabling high-efficiency reflectarray performance. The OAM vortex beam supports high-order phase distributions (l=+1,+2,+3,+4) modes, though fabrication and experimental validation focused on the +1 mode. Measurements confirm that the reflectarray produces a high-purity OAM vortex beam for +1 mode, covering the operational frequency range from 27 to 39 GHz, and achieving a 40% bandwidth with a peak gain of 23.39 dBi at 33 GHz and an aperture efficiency of 17.38%. These results demonstrate the ability of the reflectarray to produce broadband directive OAM beams with robust performance, making it ideal for Ka-band communication systems.

Source: Photonics

DOI: 10.3390/photonics12040305

Authors: Asad Khan, Jinling Zhang, Muhammad Ishfaq, Ibrar Ahmad, Shahbaz Khan, Kamlesh Kumar Soothar

Institutions: Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Lanzhou University of Technology, University of Peshawar

Language: English

Topic: Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies

Subfield: Aerospace Engineering

Field: Engineering

Domain: Physical Sciences

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,896

Funder: National Natural Science Foundation of China