Marls as an Ecological Substitute for Cement with Lower Energy Consumption. Mortars Research
Year: 2024
Type: article
Abstract: This work suggests how to reduce the negative impact of cement production on the natural environment. Marl rock was milled to granulation less than 1 mm, dried at 105°C, calcined at 800°C and 1000°C. The mass content of clay phase in marls was 16%, calcium carbonates 75%. Mortars of marl (m) and cement (c) in m:c proportions of 50:50, 30:70, 25:75 and 0:100 were made, in order to compare their compressive strength values after 1st, 4th and 15th week of hardening. The compressive strength of samples using marl calcined at 1000°C and dried at 105°C were similar, but lower than in the case of samples with marl calcined at 800°C. Unlike in other cases marl calcined at 800°C contained 34% of the amorphous phase. The obtained strength values ranged from 20 to 75% in relation to the cement reference samples. These low values were caused due to granulation of the marl, dilution effect, presence of non-binding phases or mechanically weak hydrates, weak microstructure of the dried and calcined marls themselves. Although these mixtures are not suitable for high-performance concrete, they had warm colour and texture that may be useful in the reconstruction of architectural details or for other decorative purposes.
Source: Inżynieria Mineralna
Author: Barbara SŁOMKA-SŁUPIK
Institution: Silesian University of Technology
Language: English
Subfield: Civil and Structural Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4408905482