Ionization Energies from Classical Force Balance: Calcium-like Uranium and Below
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: We examine a proposed modification (Mod 1 for short) to the Grand Unified Theory of Classical Physics (GUTCP) in which instead of orbitals holding two indistinguishable electrons, each electron has a distinct radius. The technique of creating a force balance equation for each electron in turn, from the inner to the outermost, is extended from Helium (and 2-electron ions such as Li+) and Lithium (and 3-electron ions such as Be+) up to Calcium and Ca-like ions. We release a public domain program to solve the force balance equations which are populated with force terms from GUTCP. We also compare our computations to NIST data in a provided spreadsheet.
Author: David Lloyd Selke
Language: English
Topic: Atomic and Molecular Physics
Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4408934590