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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhance the saline-alkali tolerance of apple rootstock M9-T337 by regulating chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and hormone balance

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can establish symbiotic relationships with most fruit trees to promote their growth and development under adverse stresses. However, studies on the relationship between AMF and saline-alkali resistance in apple remain relatively scarce. The results showed that compared with the uninoculated AMF (Funneliformis mosseae) treatments, after inoculation with AMF, the palisade tissue thickness was all significantly increased, the spongy tissue cells were enlarged, and the stomata opened to varying degrees under different NaCl + NaHCO3 stress concentrations (0 mM, N0; 50 mM, N50; 100 mM, N100; 150 mM, N150). Additionally, Fv/Fm, F0, Fm, qP, Y (N0), K+, ZT, TZR, GA3, IAA, SA, LT, PT/ST, LE, UE, CR, CTR, Lp, Wp, Lg, Wg, SD, SS, Sa, and Gsmax of rootstock M9-T337 were increased, while Na+ content, Na+/K+ ratio, and ABA content were decreased. Principal component analysis indicated that AMF exhibited the most significant mitigating effect on rootstock M9-T337 under the N100 treatment. Compared with the N100 treatment, among the indicators, except for the Na+ content, Na+/K+ ratio and ABA content were reduced by 21%, 32%, and 7%, respectively, the rest of the indicators all showed a significant increasing trend. In conclusion, AMF can mitigate the damage of salt-alkali stress on M9-T337 by maintaining ion homeostasis, regulating hormone levels, and mediating the opening and closing of stomata.

Source: Fruit Research

DOI: 10.48130/frures-0025-0005