Examining the Prevalence of Thyroid Associated Orbitopathy: Clinical Insights
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Thyroid associated orbitopathy, also known as thyroid eye disease (TED), is an autoimmune condition and the leading cause of both unilateral and bilateral proptosis in adults worldwide. Activated T cells inltrate the orbital contents and stimulate orbital broblasts, enlarging extraocular muscles, expanding orbital fat, and brosis. Compression of optic nerve at the orbital apex by the enlargement of extra ocular muscles occurs in <5% of patients with typical thyroid eye disease resulting in slowly progressive fulminant visual loss. Because of its potential reversibility with prompt medical, surgical, or in combination interventions, accurate and prompt diagnosis and appropriate management are important.
Authors: G. Chandrakala, V. Rajeswara Rao
Institution: Mediciti Institute of Medical Sciences
Language: English
Subfield: Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4409163524