Lentogenic avian paramyxovirus 1 of both class I and class II are circulating in danish wild and commercial waterfowl
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Newcastle disease, a notifiable avian disease, is caused by virulent avian paramyxovirus 1 (APMV-1). In this study, we screened samples collected through the active and passive surveillance for avian influenza virus in Denmark between 2014 and 2022 for APMV-1, detecting 32 APMV-1 in wild and commercial waterfowl. Phylogenetic analysis identified them as class I genotype 1.2 and class II genotype I.2 viruses, all with monobasic fusion (F) cleavage sites ( 112 ERQERL 117 and 112 GKQGRL 117 ), characterizing them as lentogenic. Nucleotide and amino acid similarities ranged from 95 to 99.8% and 98.2 to 100% for class I viruses and 95.6–99.8% and 98.7–100% for class II viruses. Genetic comparisons of F genes showed divergence from vaccine strains, ruling out vaccine spillover. Selection analysis revealed neutral and negative selection pressures, suggesting limited adaptive evolution. These findings indicate that lentogenic APMV-1 circulated in Denmark from 2014 to 2022 without strong selection pressures driving significant genetic changes.
Source: npj Viruses
Institutions: University of Copenhagen, Statens Serum Institut
Language: English
Topic: Virology and Viral Diseases
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,790
Funder: Fødevarestyrelsens
OpenAlex ID: W4409178787