Work

Mechanisms and potential of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes for treating radiation-induced intestinal injury

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Radiation-induced intestinal injury (RIII) is a prevalent complication of radiotherapy for abdominal and pelvic tumors , characterized by acute and chronic damage to intestinal tissues. Current treatments are primarily symptomatic, lacking effective targeted therapies . Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), due to their immunomodulatory and regenerative properties, and their derived exosomes , have emerged as promising therapeutic options for RIII. MSC-derived exosomes exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and tissue-repairing properties, modulating immune responses and promoting intestinal barrier restoration. Engineering of exosomes further enhances their targeting and therapeutic efficiency. This review discusses the mechanisms and therapeutic potential of MSC-derived and engineered exosomes for RIII, emphasizing their role in reducing inflammation, promoting tissue repair, and maintaining microbial balance, while addressing future challenges and prospects for clinical translation.

Source: Extracellular Vesicle

DOI: 10.1016/j.vesic.2025.100078