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Finding the sweet spot of memory modification: An fMRI study on episodic prediction error strength and type

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Previous research has highlighted the critical role of prediction errors (PEs) in signaling the need to adapt memory representations in response to unexpected changes in the environment. Yet, the influence of PE type and strength on memory remains underexplored. In this study, participants encoded naturalistic dialogues prior to undergoing fMRI scanning. During the fMRI session, they listened to dialogues that had been modified in their surface or gist, to varying extents. As expected, our findings revealed robust activation in the inferior frontal gyrus for all PEs. Notably, gist modifications elicited additional activations within the episodic memory network, including the hippocampus. A post-fMRI recognition test demonstrated that surface modifications had no significant impact on memory. Conversely, weak gist changes impaired memory for the original content and hindered learning of the modification. These weak gist changes also triggered activation in the parahippocampal cortex. These results underscore the importance of both the type and strength of PEs in shaping brain activations and memory outcomes, highlighting their complex interplay in cognitive processes.

Source: NeuroImage

DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121194

Authors: Nina Liedtke, Marius Boeltzig, Falko Mecklenbrauck, Sophie Siestrup, Ricarda I. Schubotz

Institution: University of Münster

Language: English

Topic: Memory Processes and Influences

Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience

Field: Neuroscience

Domain: Life Sciences

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $3,540

Funder: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft