Work

Lowered tackle height law variation in Scottish men’s community rugby: a video analysis evaluation of 18 702 tackles across two seasons

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Background/objectives: The tackle has the highest risk and causes the most concussions in rugby union. As such, law variation prevention strategies aiming to reduce head contact have been introduced. This study investigated whether a law variation lowering the maximum legal height of the tackle, from the shoulder to the base of the sternum, was an effective approach to change players' tackling behaviour and reduce head contact events in Scottish men's community rugby. Methods: This retrospective video analysis study compared game metrics and tackle characteristics from the pre (2022/2023) to lowered tackle height (LTH) season (2023/2024). Sixty games were analysed (30 each season), variables coded for the tackle event included tackle type, body position, contact point and head contact. Results: The rate of bent at waist tackling increased during the LTH season (rate ratio (RR)=1.22 (95% CI 1.17 to 1.27)), which resulted in tacklers making initial contact with the ball carriers' lower torso or arms more often (RR=1.08 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.14)). While overall tackler head contact to the ball carrier (any region) increased (RR=1.12 (95% CI 1.06 to 1.18)), head-to-head contacts with the ball carrier decreased (RR=0.55 (95% CI 0.33 to 0.92)) and head to upper leg contacts increased (RR=1.39 (95% CI 1.24 to 1.56)). Conclusions: Lowering the maximum legal height of the tackle in men's community rugby led to increased rates of bent at waist tackling, resulting in more tackles making initial contact with the ball carrier's lower torso and legs. This change in behaviour likely reduced the rate of contact between tackler and ball carrier heads.

Source: BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine

DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2025-002492