Work

DTL versus skin electrodes in recording of multifocal pattern electroretinogram and multifocal photopic negative response

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Objective To compare the photopic negative response of the multifocal ERG (mfERGPhNR) and the multifocal pattern electroretinogram (mfPERG) using DTL electrode (EDTL) vs skin electrode (ESKIN) in healthy young and old adults. Methods Ten “Young” [20–27 years] and eight “Old” [60–72 years] participants took part in this study. The electrophysiological responses were recorded binocularly using EDTL and ESKIN. 5-way ANOVAs were applied to investigate the following factors on mfERGPhNR: i) ELECTRODE, ii) DILATATION, iii) AGE, iv) EYE, and v) ECCENTRICITY. For mfPERG, the same factors, except dilatation, were investigated applying 4-way ANOVAs. These were conducted for amplitude and peak time of different components as well as signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR). Results Amplitudes of mfERGPhNR [mfPERG]-based ESKIN recording were reduced to 32–38% [37–38%] compared to EDTL, $$p < 0.001$$ p < 0.001 . This corresponded to SNR reduction to 80% [60%], $$p < 0.001$$ p < 0.001 . ESKIN based responses had shorter peak times, by 0.2–0.5 ms for N1 and P1, $$p < 0.05$$ p < 0.05 , [P1: 1.5 ms, $$p < 0.001$$ p < 0.001 ]. Both age groups had comparable amplitudes and SNRs, but Young had shorter peak times, by 1.5–2.2 ms for N1 and P1, $$p < 0.05$$ p < 0.05 [3.7–4.2 ms for N1, P1, N2, $$p < 0.05$$ p < 0.05 ]. Compared to dilated recordings, undilated mfERGPhNR amplitudes were reduced to 47–87%, $$p < 0.01$$ p < 0.01 , and peak times were delayed by 2.0–11.8 ms, $$p < 0.001$$ p < 0.001 . Conclusions mfPERG & mfERGPhNR traces were similar for EDTL and ESKIN. However, for skin electrodes, amplitudes and SNRs were lower and peak times shorter. ESKIN thus seem to be a viable alternative in patients in whom the use of corneal electrodes is precluded, e.g., children and disabled patients, but at the expense of SNR and with reference to ESKIN normative data.

Source: Documenta Ophthalmologica

DOI: 10.1007/s10633-025-10014-5

Authors: Henrike Marie Nowitzki, Michael B. Hoffmann, Khaldoon O. Al-Nosairy

Institutions: Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences

Language: English

Topic: Retinal Development and Disorders

Subfield: Molecular Biology

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Domain: Life Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: hybrid

Estimated APC paid: $4,090