Work

Effect of non-uniform distribution of radioactivity in human body on measurements using HPGe detector based scanning bed whole body counter

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: In-vivo monitoring of radiation workers for high energy photon emitters is carried out using whole body counters. These are calibrated using standard radioactive sources uniformly distributed in BOMAB phantom. In the case of inhalation intake of Type S compounds, radioactivity is retained in lungs for a long time resulting in non-uniform distribution. In this paper, the effect of non-uniform distribution of activity in human body is studied on the direct measurement using shadow shield bed whole body counter (SSBWBC) with BOMAB and LLNL phantoms. First, the system was calibrated with known amount of 133 Ba, 137 Cs, 60 Co and 40 K uniformly distributed in water filled BOMAB phantom. Then, the system was calibrated with known amount of 152 Eu and 241 Am uniformly distributed in the lungs of LLNL phantom. The multiple gamma energies of radionuclides were used to determine the counting efficiencies for uniformly distributed activity in whole body as well as in the lungs. The study shows when uniform distribution of radionuclides in the whole body is assumed but activity is confined in the lungs only, measured activity is overestimated by 15 to 20 %. This results in similar overestimation in intake and CED. • The scanning type whole body counter was calibrated with known amount of radioactivity uniformly distributed in the BOMAB phantom. • The response of the system was studied for realistic activity distribution in lungs of LLNL phantom. • The effect of non-uniformity due to lung activity deposits on whole body activity measurement, intake and CED estimation is studied.

Source: Nuclear Engineering and Technology

DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2025.103636