Understanding the Role of Metabolic Syndromes in Stroke Pathogenesis: Current Insights
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) comprises a cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors, including abdominal obesity, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and dysregulated glucose metabolism. It significantly increases the risk of ischaemic stroke and adversely affects recovery outcomes. Objective: This study aims to examine the relationship between MetS and stroke risk, with a focus on the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, the impact on stroke outcomes, and the importance of managing modifiable components of MetS. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted, evaluating epidemiological data and mechanistic insights into the role of insulin resistance, chronic inflammation and visceral fat accumulation in stroke pathophysiology. Studies addressing MetS components, stroke recurrence and recovery outcomes were critically analysed. Results: Individuals with MetS have a 1.6–5 times higher risk of stroke, with hyperglycaemia exacerbating neuronal injury and blood-brain barrier dysfunction. While some studies present inconsistent findings on MetS and stroke recurrence, managing modifiable factors—such as obesity, hypertension and dysglycaemia—demonstrates potential in reducing stroke incidence and enhancing recovery. Conclusion: MetS is a significant risk factor for ischaemic stroke and poor recovery. Addressing its components through targeted interventions is crucial. Further research is required to delineate the long-term impact of MetS on stroke outcomes and to refine preventive strategies.
Source: Apollo Medicine
Authors: Pushpendra Nath Renjen, Dinesh Mohan Choudhary, Avinash Goswami, Nayaab Saeed, Ramesh Krishnan, Kamal Ahmad
Institution: Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals
Language: English
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4409392902