Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Physical pretreatments play a crucial role in reducing the recalcitrance of lignocellulosic biomass, facilitating its conversion into fermentable sugars for bioenergy and chemical applications. This study critically reviews physical pretreatment approaches, including mechanical comminution, irradiation (ultrasound, microwave, gamma rays, and electron beam), extrusion, and pulsed electric field. The discussion covers mechanisms of action, operational parameters, energy efficiency, scalability challenges, and associated costs. Methods such as ultrasound and microwave induce structural changes that enhance enzymatic accessibility, while extrusion combines thermal and mechanical forces to optimize hydrolysis. Mechanical comminution is most effective during short periods and when combined with other techniques to overcome limitations such as high energy consumption. Innovative approaches, such as pulsed electric fields, show significant potential but face challenges in large-scale implementation. This study provides technical and strategic insights for developing more effective physical pretreatments aligned with economic feasibility and industrial sustainability.
Source: Sustainable Chemistry
Institution: Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina
Language: English
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $1,207
Award: G2823776494
OpenAlex ID: W4409412431