Work

The Relationship Between Intelligence and Personality Traits Differentiated by Gender in Spanish Adolescents

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Background/Objectives: Intelligence and personality are the most researched constructs in the scientific literature in the field of psychology. Also, the relationship between them has been studied, with controversial results. The present study examines the relationship between intelligence and personality, considering, on the one hand, the influence of gender and, on the other, the predictive capacity of intelligence for personality traits. Methods: The sample consisted of 1166 participants between 11 and 16 years old from the Canary Islands. The Big Five Personality Questionnaire for Children, Adolescents and Adults (MASK-5) and the Adaptive Test of General Intelligence (Matrices-TAI) were used. For the analysis, a quantitative approach with an ex post facto, cross-sectional design was used. The analysis was carried out with SPSS v.26 and Jamovi v.2.3.21. Results: The findings revealed non-significant gender differences in intelligence and personality. The regression model between the two constructs was only significant for the dimension consciousness (F(1,1164) = 3.906, p = 0.048; ɳp2 = 0.003) and its facet perseverance (F(1,1164) = 5.953, p = 0.015; ɳp2 = 0.005), but the effect size was small in both cases. When considering girls and boys separately, the model was not significant for boys, whereas for girls, the dimension consciousness (F(1,595) = 6.148, p = 0.013; ɳp2 = 0.010) and its facet achievement (F(1,595) = 8.227, p = 0.004; ɳp2 = 0.014), as well as the facet humility (agreeableness) (F(1,595) = 6.472, p = 0.011; ɳp2 = 0.011), were significant, but again, with small effect sizes. Nevertheless, low observed power results for the whole sample and the boys sample suggest the need to increase the sample size. Conclusions: These findings are discussed, and future lines of research in this field of study are proposed.

Source: Children

DOI: 10.3390/children12040501

Authors: Ricardo Quintero, Leire Aperribai, Triana Aguirre, Elena Rodríguez-Naveiras, África Borges

Institutions: Universidad de La Laguna, University of the Basque Country

Language: English

Topic: Personality Traits and Psychology

Subfield: Clinical Psychology

Field: Psychology

Domain: Social Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,896