Year: 2024
Type: article
Abstract: Objective. The objective of the article is to find out the types of motivation for the meaning of a word in English. Methods. The main scientific results are obtained using a complex of both general scientific and special linguistic methods, namely: observation, induction, deduction, hypothesis, analysis, synthesis, comparison, formalization; comparative-historical, typological, structural, functional, constructive, discourse analysis. Results. Motivation is a connection between words that reveals their motivation, which, in turn, is defined as a structural and semantic chracteristics of a word that allows to understand the conditionality of the connection between the meaning (seme) and the sound shell of a word (lexeme) on the basis of the correlation of the word with linguistic and extra-linguistic reality. There are different views on whether the concepts of ‘motivation’ and ‘motivatedness’ are equivalent, but in general they are aimed at understanding the connections between sounds and word meanings. There are five types of motivation in the English language: phonetic, morphological, semantic, grammatical and etymological. Each type of motivation affects the understanding and formation of speech, helping to reveal the structure and functioning of language in communication. We can also distinguish between full and partial motivation. Full motivation occurs when the meaning of the motivating word is fully contained in the meaning of the derived word. Partial motivation occurs when the meaning of the derived word is limited to the meaning of the motivating word. In addition, there is peripheral motivation, which reveals the peripheral lexical meaning of the derived word. The peripheral motivational relations indicate the connection between the derivational base and the derived word in the process of new word formation. It has been found that words can be motivated by both non-derivative and derivative verbs, which affects the structure and meaning of the derived word. Partial motivation is observed in cases where the derived word is based on only one of the components of the motivating word. Advanced polysemy can lead to different meanings of a derived word if it is derived from a polysemous verb. Thus, the analysis of peripheral motivational relations helps to better understand the process of creation and development of the language lexicon. References: Hlukhovska, M. S. (2014). Obsiah poniattia asotsiatyvnoi motyvatsii u slovotvori ukrainskoi movy [The scope of the concept of associative motivation in the word formation of the Ukrainian language]. Linhvistychni doslidzhennia [Linguistic researches]. Kharkiv, issue 37, 65–69. 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Authors: A. S. Soliar, S. A. Ostapenko
Language: English
Subfield: Language and Linguistics
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
OpenAlex ID: W4409439364