Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Integrated systems for water recovery from laundry wastewater were investigated to close the water cycle loop. The grey water from the washing cycle of cotton fabrics with a softening detergent was prefiltered, purified in a low-pressure membrane process, and further purified in a high-pressure membrane process or alternatively in an adsorption process. In all of the proposed systems, the recovered water was clarified and completely free of cationic surfactants. The system based on nanofiltration as the final stage of purification allows soft water, which promotes better cleaning results, reduces the consumption of detergents, and extends the lifetime of the devices involved. Adsorption on activated carbon effectively reduced the concentration of organic compounds, including fragrance compounds.
Source: Membranes
Authors: Aleksandra Klimonda, Izabela Kowalska
Institution: Wrocław University of Science and Technology
Language: English
Subfield: Water Science and Technology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,654
Funder: Politechnika Wrocławska
OpenAlex ID: W4409442361