Work

A rare case report of triple primary malignancies: synchronous breast ductal invasive carcinoma and lung neuroendocrine tumor, followed by chronic myeloid leukemia

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Multiple primary malignancies (MPMTs), the occurrence of two or more different primary cancers in a single person, are rare. These tumors can be synchronous or metachronous, with an incidence ranging from 0.73 % to 11.70 % in cancer patients. While invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) is the most common form of breast cancer and lung neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are rare, their co-occurrence as MPMT is extremely rare. In addition, chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) makes such cases even more complex. CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of a 59-year-old woman who presented with a lump in the left breast. Diagnostic examinations confirmed breast IDC. Metastatic examination identified a separate primary, well-differentiated NET of the left lung. Both malignancies were treated surgically followed by appropriate adjuvant therapy. A year later, routine follow-up revealed an elevated white blood cell count and a subsequent bone marrow biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of CML. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: The diagnosis of IDC and pulmonary NET as primary tumors is rare and the subsequent development of CML in this setting has not been reported previously. This case highlights the critical importance of thorough diagnostic evaluations to accurately differentiate between metastatic disease and MPMTs. The occurrence of three different malignancies in a single patient presents significant treatment challenges and highlights the need for personalized treatment approaches. CONCLUSION: This report emphasizes the need for comprehensive diagnostic protocols in the evaluation of multiple tumors and contributes to the growing body of knowledge about MPMT. The coexistence of IDC, pulmonary NET and subsequent CML represents a rare and complex clinical scenario that requires continuous research into optimal management strategies for such cases.

Source: International Journal of Surgery Case Reports

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2025.111305

Authors: Iraj Feizi, Atabak Sedigh-Namin, AmirAbbas Kani, Sonia Sharifi Namin, Alireza Bagheri Toularoud

Institution: Ardabil University of Medical Sciences

Language: English

Topic: Multiple and Secondary Primary Cancers

Subfield: Epidemiology

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,090