Work

Impact of baseline fruit and vegetable intake on dietary changes following nutritional counseling in pregnant women: Analysis from a quasi-experimental study

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare the dietary response of pregnant women receiving recommendations for standard (StD) or high fruit and vegetable intake (HFV), based on their self-reported (initial) intake. METHODS: The present quasi-experimental study included pregnant women (n = 130), 65 in StD and 65 in HFV groups, that received nutritional counseling (NC) and reinforcement during third trimester of pregnancy. Main outcome measures involved: food intake, dietary habits, sociodemographic characteristics, weaning intentions, and psychological aspects. Statistical analyses performed were Student t-test, Pearson chi-square test, and factor analysis using principal component method. RESULTS: At baseline, between both groups HFV showed the highest intake of fruit and vegetables (56%) and total fruits (P < 0.0039). Three dietary patterns (DPs) were identified. Scores at Healthy-oriented DP (mainly cereals, vegetable, fruits, and olive oil) were higher in HFV than in StD groups (P = 0.002). After NC, StD increased consumption of fruit and vegetables (23%), total fruits, dairy, and total water intake, whereas intake decreased for occasional products, such as sweets and fatty foods. The HFV group had an increased intake of fruit and vegetables (14%), total vegetables, cooked vegetables, and fruits. Four DPs were identified, from which scores for Healthy-oriented DP and Healthy snack DP (mainly fruits and dairy) were higher for the HFV group than for the StD group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In general, dietary habits of pregnant women improved during the third trimester of pregnancy after NC. Both groups improved their FV consumption, although the HFV group showed higher intake than previously stated for the pregnant population. The knowledge gathered could be useful to develop effective dietary intervention at the community level.

Source: Nutrition

DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2025.112801

Authors: Iratxe Urkia-Susin, Diego Rada-Fernandez de Jauregui, Edurne Maiz, Leire Mazquiaran-Bergera, Jone Guenetxea-Gorostiza, Olaia Martinez

Institutions: University of the Basque Country, Hospital Universitario Araba, Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute

Language: English

Topic: Nutritional Studies and Diet

Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDGs: Good health and well-being, Zero hunger

Open Access status: hybrid

Estimated APC paid: $3,870