Work

Immobilization of lead and zinc in contaminated soil using taro stem-derived biochar and apatite amendments: a comparative study of application ratios and pyrolysis temperatures

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: < 0.05). Amendments also notably reduced exchangeable fractions of Pb and Zn (F1) up to 71.8% and 61.5%, respectively, while enhancing their presence in more stable fractions (F4 and F5). This immobilization effect peaked at the 10% biochar application and 6 : 6% biochar-apatite combination. These findings suggest that TSB300, TSB500, and their blends with apatite hold promise for immobilizing Pb and Zn in heavily contaminated soil, potentially mitigating environmental risks.

Source: RSC Advances

DOI: 10.1039/d5ra00912j

Authors: Truong Xuan Vuong, Duc Phuong Nguyen, Vu Huyen Ngoc Nguyen, Thi Thu Ha Pham, Thi Thu Thuy Nguyen

Institution: Thai Nguyen University

Language: English

Topic: Heavy metals in environment

Subfield: Pollution

Field: Environmental Science

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDGs: Responsible consumption and production, Life on land

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $1,042