Diet predicts performance trade-offs during Atlantic salmon ontogeny
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Understanding the mechanistic basis of life history divergence is fundamental for predictive ecology. Variation in resource use impacts life history divergence and provides a framework for studying life history trade-offs. Contrary to the theory, empirical evidence does not support that resource allocation alone mediates life history divergence in the wild, which subsequently suggests a pivotal role for resource acquisition, but this has not been empirically demonstrated in free-living populations. Here, we sampled wild Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ) from different age groups during their marine feeding stage and hypothesized that prey taxa (crustaceans versus fish) have an age-dependent effect on the condition factor. We found that salmon in their first year at sea had a higher condition factor when foraging on larger numbers of crustaceans and a lower condition factor when foraging on larger numbers of fish, and vice versa in older sea age groups. Provided that condition factor is a predictor of age-at-maturity, our results show that resource acquisition may be an important process shaping life history variation in Atlantic salmon via modulating age-dependent performance trade-offs. Our results also emphasize the importance of bottom-up trophic cascades for maturation age and help to better predict the maturation dynamics of wild populations in the marine environment.
Source: Marine Ecology Progress Series
DOI: 10.3354/meps14869
Language: English
Subfield: Global and Planetary Change
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
SDG: Life below water
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W4409509027