High-adhesive and conductive AMPSs-TA-Fe hydrogels via E-beam-assisted rapid one-pot synthesis for strain sensor
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: The development of high-performance hydrogels with high ionic conductivity, mechanical stability, and exceptional skin adhesion, even under wet conditions, is crucial for advancements in wearable electronic devices. With its abundant hydroxyl groups, tannic acid (TA) is renowned for its exceptional adhesion to skin in moist environments, facilitated by the formation of coordination bonds with metal ions such as Fe3+. However, TA’s radical scavenging effect complicates polymerization by UV or thermal curing, leading prior studies to adopt time-intensive and costly approaches, such as post-polymerization soaking or using pre-formed polymers. Here, we used E-beam irradiation to achieve rapid, one-pot in situ polymerization directly from precursor solution of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid sodium salt (AMPSs), TA, and Fe ions, allowing all components to be incorporated in a single step. The resulting P(AMPSs-TA-Fe) hydrogel exhibited high skin adhesion (154.53 N/m) due to TA-Fe coordination groups and excellent ionic conductivity (2.71 S/m) from the sodium salt of AMPSs, Fe³⁺ ions, and TA’s ion-bridging effect. The reversible TA-Fe ionic bonding also imparted strong fatigue resistance (1.32 kJ/m³ at 200% strain) and self-healing, enabling conductivity recovery within 3 seconds after damage. Overall, the P(AMPSs-TA-Fe) hydrogel shows great promise for flexible sensors, combining robust mechanical performance, excellent skin adhesion, high ionic conductivity, and rapid self-healing abilities.
Source: Polymer Testing
Language: English
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,370
Award: G4608092171
OpenAlex ID: W4409534069