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High-frequency jet ventilation in managing airway during whole-lung lavage under general anesthesia: A case report

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare disorder characterized by the accumulation of surfactant-derived lipoproteins within alveoli and impaired macrophage function, leading to progressive dyspnea, hypoxemic respiratory failure, secondary infections, and pulmonary fibrosis. We report a case of a 43-year-old male with a history of occupational exposure to airborne dust from lathe work, presenting with exertional dyspnea. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) revealed bilateral patchy ground-glass opacities with interlobular septal thickening. Histopathological analysis of lung biopsy specimens showed eosinophilic amorphous material in alveolar spaces, which exhibited positive periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining with diastase resistance, confirming PAP. The patient underwent whole-lung lavage (WLL) of the right lung under general anesthesia. Severe baseline hypoxemia complicated intraoperative oxygen saturation maintenance. The intermittent use of high-frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) in the operative lung markedly improved oxygenation (SpO 2 increased from 85 % to 96 %) while ensuring effective saline distribution into distal alveoli. The procedure was completed without complications, highlighting the efficacy and safety of HFJV in managing complex airway conditions during WLL for PAP.

Source: Respiratory Medicine Case Reports

DOI: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2025.102206

Authors: Renhua Ju, Xiaonan Du, Ling Yin, Yang Yu

Institution: Tianjin Medical University General Hospital

Language: English

Topic: Airway Management and Intubation Techniques

Subfield: Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $1,200