Work

Impact of photodynamic therapy based on modified orthodontic self-cured acrylic resin containing titanium dioxide nanoparticles against Candida albicans

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Background This in vitro study was conducted to evaluate the impact of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using modified acrylic resin with titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO 2 NPs) on Candida albicans biofilm, physico-mechanical properties, and pro-inflammatory gene expression. Materials and Methods The biofilm inhibition test was used to assess the antimicrobial effectiveness against C. albicans biofilm. The levels of gene expression for TNF-α and IL-6 in human gingival fibroblast (HGF) cell line were examined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The roughness, flexural strength, and microhardness of modified acrylic resin with different concentrations of TiO 2 NPs (0 %, 1 %, 2 %, and 3 %) were measured using a profilometer, a universal testing machine, and a digital hardness tester, respectively. Results The C. albicans biofilm was most effectively reduced by 0.2 % chlorhexidine (CHX), showing the lowest colony count (5.94 ± 0.46 × 10 6 CFU/mL). Comparable results were observed with 3 % TiO 2 NPs-PDT (7.37 ± 1.34 × 10 6 CFU/mL, P = 0.300). The colony counts from 2 % TiO 2 NPs-PDT (9.21 ± 1.25 × 10 6 CFU/mL) was not significantly different from 3 % TiO 2 NPs-PDT ( P = 0.529) but was notably higher than that of 0.2 % CHX ( P = 0.004). The expression of TNF-α and IL-6 genes decreased significantly in HGF cell line when exposed to 2 % and 3 % TiO 2 NPs-PDT. Microhardness and flexural strength demonstrated a direct correlation with the concentration of TiO 2 NPs, while roughness showed an inverse correlation. Additionally, all groups exceeded the ISO standards for flexural strength. Conclusion 3 % TiO 2 NPs-PDT reduced C. albicans biofilm and downregulated the pro-inflammatory gene expression without adversely affecting the properties of the acrylic resin, making it suitable for clinical use.

Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy

DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104590

Authors: Rashin Bahrami, Azin Jafarzadeh, Maryam Pourhajibagher, Yasamin Babaee Hemmati, Abbas Bahador

Institutions: Iran University of Medical Sciences, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences

Language: English

Topic: Dental materials and restorations

Subfield: Orthodontics

Field: Dentistry

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,610