Work

Coherent manipulation of Goos–Hänchen shifts by forward and backward currents of complex conductivity in chiral medium

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: The birefringence of reflection and transmission as well as their corresponding Goos–Hänchen shifts are investigated with complex conductivity in a four level chiral atomic medium. The left circularly polarized (LCP) beam and right circularly polarized (RCP) beam obey the normalization condition $$|R^{(R,L)}|+|T^{(R,L)}|=1$$ with forward and backward currents as well as coupled driving fields parameters at the interface of a lossy chiral medium of $$|A^{(R,L)}|\simeq 0$$ and polystyrene. For the birefringent transmission, the positive GH-shifts are reported while for the birefringent reflection, the negative GH-shifts are measured. The maximum GH-shift in reflections of RCP and LCP beams is measured to $$S^{(R,L)}_{r}=-10\lambda$$ and that in the transmission is measured to $$S^{(R,L)}_{t}=10\lambda$$ with forward and backward currents of complex conductivity. Furthermore, maximum values of GH-shifts in reflection and transmission of LCP beams are calculated to $$\pm 40\lambda$$ and RCP beams are calculated to $$\pm 10\lambda$$ with control field Rabi frequency and backward current variation. The results indicate possible uses in the designing of optical and conductive sensors.

Source: Scientific Reports

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-72677-5

Authors: Zia Ul Haq, Iftikhar Ahmad, Bakht Amin Bacha, Ali Akgül, Murad Khan Hassani