Work

Combined experimental and reactive molecular dynamics study on stability and oxidation of aluminum nanoparticles with silane-based coatings

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: The introduction of high-energy aluminum nanoparticles (ANPs) into hydrocarbon-based liquid fuels enhances energy density and combustion efficiency. However, their strong tendency to aggregate and oxidize at storage temperatures poses significant challenges, affecting dispersion stability and fuel performance. This study investigates the effectiveness of silane coatings in mitigating these challenges through a combination of experimental synthesis and reactive molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Experimentally, FT-IR analysis and sedimentation tests confirm the successful adsorption of octadecyltriethoxysilane (OTES), triethoxy(octyl)silane (TEOS), (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTS), and tris(trimethylsilyloxy)silane (TMSS) onto ANPs, with OTES exhibiting the highest dispersion stability in hydrocarbon fuels. MD simulations further reveal atomic-level reaction steps in the surface coating, highlighting that OTES undergoes C–O bond dissociation, forming Al–O–Si linkages that strengthen its adhesion to ANPs. RDF analysis demonstrates a progressive increase in surface coverage across multiple coating cycles, leading to a stable hydrophobic layer that effectively prevents water-induced hydrolysis and oxidation. Additional MD analyses confirm that OTES-ANPs suppress aggregation and sintering at elevated temperatures (2000 K), while improving oxidation efficiency by enabling the self-detachment of the coating. These findings establish silane coatings, particularly OTES, as a promising strategy for stabilizing metal nanoparticles in high-energy-density fuel applications, mitigating oxidation, and optimizing combustion performance. • OTES-ANPs improve dispersion stability in hydrocarbon fuels. • Al–O–Si bonds enhance adhesion and oxidation resistance of ANPs. • Hydrophobic coatings prevent hydrolysis and nanoparticle aggregation. • OTES-ANPs suppress sintering and enhance oxidation at high temperatures. • OTES is a promising stabilizer for high-energy-density fuel applications.

Source: Progress in Organic Coatings

DOI: 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109289

Authors: Hyung Sub Sim, Suk Jekal, Chang-Min Yoon, Sungwook Leo Hong

Institutions: Sejong University, Inha University, Loyola Marymount University

Language: English

Topic: Energetic Materials and Combustion

Subfield: Mechanics of Materials

Field: Engineering

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDG: Affordable and clean energy

Open Access status: hybrid

Estimated APC paid: $4,350