Work

Short‐Chain Fatty Acids Modulate Anti‐ROR1 CAR T‐Cell Function and Exhaustion in an Intestinal Adenocarcinoma‐on‐Chip Model

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy represents a promising approach for cancer treatment, with receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) emerging as a novel target in malignancies. This study investigates how short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), key microbiota-derived metabolites, modulate anti-ROR1 CAR T-cell efficacy using a physiologically relevant intestinal adenocarcinoma-on-chip model that replicates the human intestinal microenvironment. The findings demonstrate that propionate and butyrate inhibit anti-ROR1 CAR T-cell function by reducing infiltration, cytotoxicity, and cytokine release while preserving junctional integrity within the tumor model. Mechanistically, these SCFAs inhibit histone deacetylase activity and promote a phenotype switch toward regulatory T-cells, as indicated by increased expression of FoxP3 and RORγt. Additionally, propionate and butyrate upregulate PD-1 and TIM-3, markers of T-cell exhaustion and immune tolerance, and induce a dose- and time-dependent reduction in proinflammatory cytokines. In contrast, acetate and pentanoate promote a proinflammatory T helper 17 phenotype. These results highlight the immunomodulatory effects of SCFAs on CAR T-cell function, emphasizing the need to consider microbiota-derived metabolites in CAR T-cell therapies.

Source: Advanced Healthcare Materials

DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202405003

Authors: Valentin D. Wegner, Adrian Feile, Miriam Alb, Michael Hudecek, Philip Hewitt, Alexander S. Mosig

Institutions: Jena University Hospital, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Merck Healthcare KGaA, Darmstadt (Germany)

Language: English

Topic: CAR-T cell therapy research

Subfield: Oncology

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: hybrid

Estimated APC paid: $4,880