Work

Comprehensive Assessment of Genital Infections and Reproductive Health in Women Visiting a Fertility Clinic in Warangal, India—A Case‐Control Study

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Background: Female infertility is a global health issue however, its link with genital infections is often overlooked due to asymptomatic nature of infections. Delayed diagnosis and treatment due to absence of reliable point-of-care (POC) tools result in long-term pathological consequences and infertility. This pilot-scale study aims to identify the most noteworthy prognostic symptoms of genital infections that exhibit a significant correlation with reproductive tract disorders and infertility. Methods: We designed a detailed questionnaire and conducted a case-control, observational study with 100 female patients, categorized into infertile (n1 = 62) and healthy groups (n2 = 38) followed by statistical analysis. Results: ≤ 0.05) and strong association (0.15 < Φ ≤ 1.0) between menstrual disorders, endometrial disorders, uterine/tubal blockage, and hormonal disruption with infection-associated symptoms, e.g. vaginitis, cervicitis, pelvic inflammatory disorder (PID), dyspareunia or infections like tuberculosis (TB) & urinary tract infection (UTI). Conclusions: Our study shows a significant contribution of genital infections to female infertility. Nevertheless, a substantial 73% of infertile patients are ineligible for confirmatory diagnosis due to the absence of classical infection symptoms. This underscores the pressing requirement for comprehensive screening strategies for timely management of reproductive health and fertility. Patient or Public Contribution: This study was performed in line with the principles of the STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines (Supporting Information 1) [1]. The study was performed following an ethical approval of the Institutional Human Ethics Committee. All individuals who participated in the study were fully informed about various aspects, including the study's objectives, methodologies, sources of funding, potential conflicts of interest, institutional affiliations of the researcher, anticipated benefits, potential risks, and the discomfort they might experience. Their participation was contingent on obtaining their informed consent (See Supporting Information 2 for patient consent form). Furthermore, to safeguard patient confidentiality, we took measures to de-identify patient information. This included the removal of exact ages, which were replaced with age ranges, and the omission of exact dates or photographs during presentation of the data.

Source: Health Science Reports

DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.70659

Authors: Naresh Patnaik, Uttam Sarkar, Malathi Jojula, Hema Vaddiraju, Ruchi Jain Dey

Institutions: Birla Institute of Technology and Science - Hyderabad Campus, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences

Language: English

Topic: Reproductive tract infections research

Subfield: Microbiology

Field: Immunology and Microbiology

Domain: Life Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $3,280