Surveillance With Fluorine-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography of Patients With Stage I-to-III Lung Cancer After Completion of Curative treatment (SUPE_R): A Randomized Controlled Trial
Year: 2025
Type: article
Study designs: Randomized Controlled Trial, Clinical Trial
Abstract: Introduction Post-treatment surveillance is recommended for NSCLC owing to a high risk of recurrence, but evidence on the optimal surveillance method is lacking. This trial evaluates fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ([ 18 F]FDG PET/CT) versus contrast-enhanced CT (ceCT) for surveillance in patients with NSCLC. Methods In this multicenter, randomized controlled trial (SUPE_R, ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03740126), patients with stage IA-to-IIIC NSCLC were randomized one-to-one to standard surveillance (ceCT) or surveillance with [ 18 F]FDG PET/CT after completion of curative treatment. The primary outcome was the proportion of recurrences treated with curative intent. Secondary outcomes included time to recurrence (TTR) and overall survival (OS). Results Between February 2019 and February 2022, 750 patients were randomized to PET/CT (n = 373) or CT (n = 377). Recurrences occurred in 164 patients (22%). The proportion of recurrences treated with curative intent was identical in the PET group (42/87) and CT group (37/77), both 48% ( p = 0.98). More recurrences were detected through scheduled follow-up in the PET group (90%) than in the CT group (77%; p = 0.02). There were no significant differences in TTR (hazard ratio 1.12, 95% confidence interval 0.82–1.52, p = 0.48) or OS (hazard ratio 0.97, 95% confidence interval 0.66–1.43, p = 0.89) between groups. Conclusions Surveillance with [ 18 F]FDG PET/CT did not improve rates of curatively treated recurrences, TTR, or OS compared with ceCT in patients with NSCLC after curative treatment. These findings do not support the routine use of [ 18 F]FDG PET/CT for post-treatment surveillance in this patient population.
Source: Journal of Thoracic Oncology
Authors: Kasper Foged Guldbrandsen, Martin Bloch, Kristin Skougaard, Lise Barlebo Ahlborn, Erik Jakobsen, Anette Højsgaard, Rene Horsleben Petersen, Lars Borgbjerg Møller, Morten Dahl, Boe Sandahl Sorensen, Malene Støchkel Frank, Jeanette Haar Ehlers, Martin Krakauer, Peter Michael Gørtz, Elisabeth Albrecht-Beste, Julie Marie Grüner, Zaigham Saghir, Joan Fledelius, Anne Lerberg Nielsen, Paw Christian Holdgaard, Søren Steen Nielsen, Mette Pøhl, Svetlana Borissova, Lotte Holm Land, Charlotte Kristiansen, Tine McCulloch, Lise Saksø Mortensen, Hanne Marie Nellemann, Malene Søby Christophersen, Ole Hilberg, Thor Lind Rasmussen, Signe Høyer Simonsen Schwaner, Christian B. Laursen, Uffe Bodtger, Liza Sopina, Markus Nowak Lonsdale, Christian Niels Meyer, Oke Gerke, Jann Mortensen, Torben Riis Rasmussen, Barbara Malene Fischer
Institutions: Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Herlev Hospital, Gentofte Hospital, Odense University Hospital, Aarhus University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Aalborg University Hospital, Zealand University Hospital Køge, Aarhus University, Zealand University Hospital, Holbæk Sygehus, Vejle Sygehus, Lillebaelt Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Aalborg University, Regional Hospital Horsens, Næstved Sygehus
Language: English
Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $4,100
Award: G7670366187
OpenAlex ID: W4409598421