Electrochemical Properties of Unused Graphite Electrode Composite after Exfoliation and Recoating
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide The cost benefits of recycling graphite electrodes are low; therefore, studies are few on graphite electrode recycling despite the need for lithium-ion battery electrode recycling in achieving efficient carbon neutrality. Here, we investigated the physical properties and battery performance of a composite material exfoliated from a foil during battery production. The surfaces of the exfoliated graphite particles contained binder components, which decreased the charge/discharge capacity and increased the charge-transfer resistance ( R ct ) of the material. The binder content had a significant effect on the R ct, and carboxymethyl cellulose was more sensitive to an increase in the R ct than styrene–butadiene rubber. When the exfoliated graphite composite was heat-treated, the binder components were removed, and the surface of the graphite particles was modified. The higher the heat treatment temperature, the lower the R ct; after heat treatment at 600 °C, the R ct was 45% lower than that of pristine graphite. In contrast, the cycle durability of exfoliated graphite treated at 600 °C was reduced due to the exposure of excessively active graphite surfaces. Heat treatment at intermediate temperature (450 °C) provided the graphite surface structure whereby both R ct reduction and durability could be achieved.
Author: Hideaki Oka
Language: English
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $4,500
OpenAlex ID: W4409618376