Mecapegfilgrastim prophylaxis for neutropenia in patients with non-myeloid malignancies: A Chinese nationwide real-world study
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Mecapegfilgrastim has been previously validated for efficacy and safety in neutropenia prevention during clinical trials. This nationwide, real-world study (RWS) evaluates its role in protecting against moderate to severe chemotherapy-induced neutropenia (CIN) in Chinese patients with non-myeloid malignancies. METHODS: In this prospective study conducted in the 46 centers across China, the patients with non-myeloid malignancies were enrolled, and received subcutaneous injections of mecapegfilgrastim 24 h after each chemotherapy cycle. Outcomes were monitored over four subsequent chemotherapy cycles. The primary outcome was safety, while secondary outcomes included the incidence of grade 3 or higher neutropenia, grade 4 neutropenia, and febrile neutropenia (FN), etc. RESULTS: From June 2019 to March 2022, 2,859 patients were enrolled, contributing to 7,763 observed chemotherapy cycles. Treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were noted in 329 patients (11.5%), with white blood cell count increased being the most common (3.6%). The incidence of grade 3 or higher TRAEs was 1.0%. In the first cycle, 236 (8.3%), 125 (4.4%) and 24 patients (0.8%) reported grade ≥ 3 neutropenia, grade 4 neutropenia, and FN, respectively. Across all cycles, the rates of grade ≥ 3 neutropenia, grade 4 neutropenia and FN were 5.8%, 2.7%, and 0.3%, respectively. Notably, primary prophylaxis was associated with lower incidences of grade ≥ 3 neutropenia (7.9%) and grade 4 neutropenia (4.1%) in the first cycle compared to secondary prophylaxis (11.2% and 6.7%, respectively). CONCLUSION: This RWS reinforces the safety and effectiveness of mecapegfilgrastim in preventing moderate to severe CIN among the patients with non-myeloid malignancies, with primary prophylaxis showing a lower incidence of neutropenia.
Source: BMC Cancer
Institutions: China Pharmaceutical University, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Sun Yat-sen University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shandong Tumor Hospital, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Bozhou People's Hospital, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Xinxiang Central Hospital, First People's Hospital of Kunshan, Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital
Language: English
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,390
OpenAlex ID: W4409626342