Work

Access to Surgery and Health Care for Justice-Involved Individuals

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Justice-involved individuals, encompassing those with prior interactions with the correctional system, represent a population with significant unmet healthcare needs. Approximately 95% of incarcerated individuals return to society, often with unresolved chronic conditions or infectious diseases such as HIV and Hepatitis C, and face considerable barriers to accessing healthcare. Institutional constraints, logistical complications, inadequate resources, and cultural biases exacerbate disparities, contributing to suboptimal health outcomes and public health risks. Healthcare access for justice-involved individuals is hindered by multiple factors, including limited availability of medications like opioid use disorder treatments, restricted surgical and preventive care, and systemic challenges in initiating healthcare. The suspension of Medicaid during incarceration, compounded by high uninsurance rates post-release, further exacerbates these inequities. Despite legislative efforts such as the Affordable Care Act and state-level policies addressing restraint use, healthcare services for this population remain inadequate and inconsistent. Recommendations include leveraging correctional facilities to enhance healthcare delivery, incorporating justice-involved populations in hospital design and planning, and fostering collaborations between correctional facilities and healthcare organizations. Training healthcare professionals in correctional medicine and tailoring care programs to justice-involved patients' needs are critical. Research should focus on improving care models, expanding insurance enrollment initiatives, and addressing long-term health outcomes for this vulnerable group. Efforts to integrate justice-involved individuals into broader healthcare frameworks can reduce health disparities, improve public health, and promote equitable access to care. Addressing these systemic issues requires collaborative approaches across healthcare, correctional, and policy sectors.

Source: The American Surgeon

DOI: 10.1177/00031348251318382

Authors: D. Fletcher, K. Morgan, K. Miller-Hammond, S. Johnson

Institutions: Morehouse School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College

Language: English

Topic: Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis

Subfield: Sociology and Political Science

Field: Social Sciences

Domain: Social Sciences

SDGs: Good health and well-being, Reduced inequalities, Peace, justice, and strong institutions

Open Access status: hybrid

Estimated APC paid: $4,150