Work

Enhanced Efficiency of Polycrystalline Silicon Solar Cells Using ZnO-Based Nanostructured Layers

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: In the context of the global energy transition, enhancing the efficiency of polycrystalline silicon-based solar cells remains a critical research priority. This study investigates the integration of ZnO-based nanostructured layers. ZnO and Al-doped ZnO nanoparticles, synthesized via hydrothermal methods and concentrated solar power (CSP) vapor condensation, exhibiting diverse morphologies—nanorods, spheres, and whisker structures—were deposited onto commercial solar cells using the spin coating technique. Structural, morphological, and spectroscopic analyses confirmed the formation of crystalline layers with high active surface areas and controlled morphology. Photovoltaic performance was assessed using a dedicated hardware–software system under real sunlight conditions. The results demonstrate a significant increase in energy efficiency, reaching up to 10.97%, compared with 1.51% for polycrystalline silicon cells without any supplementary layers. This improvement is attributed to enhanced light absorption, reduced carrier recombination, and more efficient charge transport, driven by nanoscale design and doping. This study underscores the importance of sustainable synthesis and morphological control in the development of high-performance and cost-effective solar technologies.

Source: Crystals

DOI: 10.3390/cryst15050398

Authors: Mihai Oproescu, Adriana-Gabriela Schiopu, Valentin-Marian Calinescu, Janusz D. Fidelus

Institutions: Universitatea Națională de Știință și Tehnologie Politehnica București, Jan Kochanowski University, Institute of High Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences

Language: English

Topic: Silicon and Solar Cell Technologies

Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Field: Engineering

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDG: Affordable and clean energy

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,534