Acute sonographic changes in common carotid artery after NESA neuromodulation intervention in healthy adults: a randomized controlled clinical trial
Year: 2025
Type: article
Study designs: Randomized Controlled Trial, Clinical Trial
Abstract: Introduction The endothelium plays a key role in vascular health, and its dysfunction is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Non-invasive neuromodulation techniques, such as NESA, aim to improve vascular tone and function by targeting the autonomic nervous system. However, evidence regarding their acute vascular effects is still limited. Methods A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 40 participants divided into NESA (n = 20) and placebo (n = 20) groups. Both groups underwent 20-min interventions. Sonographic assessments of the left CCA, including lumen diameter (LD), intima-media thickness (IMT), and peak systolic velocity (PSV), along with blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR), were performed before and immediately after the intervention. Results Significant increases in LD and cross-sectional area (CSA) were observed in the NESA group compared to placebo (p < 0.001), alongside a decrease in IMT (p < 0.05). HR showed a significant reduction post-intervention in both groups, with a more pronounced effect in the NESA group (p = 0.001). No significant changes were found in BP or PSV. Discussion The findings demonstrate that NESA neuromodulation induces immediate changes in vascular parameters, including increased LD and CSA and decreased IMT. These results highlight measurable acute vascular effects in healthy individuals following NESA intervention.
Source: Frontiers in Neuroscience
Institution: Universidad Europea de Madrid
Language: English
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,801
OpenAlex ID: W4409866160