Monolithic Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Cells Enabled by Multifunctional TiO x Interconnects
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Perovskite‐on‐silicon tandem solar cells have emerged as a leading technology enabling high power conversion efficiencies (PCE) over 30%. Despite current progress, the intrinsic multilayer device design presents vast challenges in complexity, which can be a drawback in future mass production. Multifunctional nanolayer materials that simplify large‐scale production are therefore highly desirable. Herein, a TiO x layer (∼3–5 nm) grown by atomic layer deposition (ALD) enables a series interconnection of a perovskite n‐i‐p top cell with a silicon wafer directly. The TiO x layer serves as an all‐in‐one interconnect, fulfilling the functions of silicon surface passivation, hole extraction from silicon, and recombination junction at the top/bottom cell interface. As a result, a proof‐of‐concept 22.4%‐efficient tandem device is demonstrated. Furthermore, an improved PCE of 26.5% is achieved by capping the TiO x with a thin ALD‐TiN y layer (∼4 nm). This represents a performance as high as the reference tandem device (PCE = 25.5%) that uses amorphous silicon passivating selective contacts and an indium‐tin‐oxide interlayer. Such a TiO x multifunctional nanolayer can reduce the number of deposition tools and eliminate the need of an indium‐based interconnection. It offers a potential for low‐cost, scalable, and sustainable tandem solar cell manufacturing.
Source: Small
Language: English
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $5,790
Funders: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Royal Academy of Engineering, University of Oxford, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
OpenAlex ID: W4409902673