Work

Effects of Individualized Nutrition Therapy and Continuous Glucose Monitoring on Dietary and Sleep Quality in Individuals with Prediabetes and Overweight or Obesity

Year: 2025

Type: article

Study designs: Randomized Controlled Trial, Clinical Trial

Abstract: Background/Objectives: Despite advances in public health and medical treatment, the number of patients with type 2 diabetes is increasing and it remains among the top 10 causes of death and a leading cause of disability in the United States. Early interventions with innovative approaches are essential to improving dietary intake and blood glucose control, potentially preventing or delaying type 2 diabetes and related complications. This study examined the effects of integrating real-time feedback from continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) into individualized nutrition therapy (INT) on diet and sleep quality in individuals with prediabetes and overweight or obesity. Methods: Thirty participants were randomized to either the treatment (n = 15) or the control group (n = 15). Both groups received individualized nutrition recommendations tailored to energy needs for weight maintenance and blood glucose control. The treatment group had real-time access to CGM data, while the control group remained blinded. Dietary intake and sleep quality were assessed using ASA24 recall and analyzed via general linear model repeated measures. Results: Incorporating CGM feedback into nutrition therapy significantly increased whole-grain (p = 0.02) and plant-based protein intake (p = 0.02) in the treatment group, with trends toward increased fruit intake (p = 0.07) and a reduced percentage of calories from carbohydrates (p = 0.08). Sleep efficiency also improved significantly by 5% (p = 0.02) following the intervention. Conclusions: These findings support the effectiveness of CGM-enhanced nutrition therapy in improving diet and sleep quality in individuals with prediabetes and overweight or obesity. Further research is needed to assess the sustainability and long-term impact of this approach.

Source: Nutrients

DOI: 10.3390/nu17091507

Authors: Raedeh Basiri, Yatisha Rajanala

Institution: George Mason University

Language: English

Topic: Diabetes Management and Research

Subfield: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $3,499