Work

Effect of Vitamin D3 on the Levels of Oxidative Stress and Expression of the NLRP3 Inflammatory Gene in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Year: 2025

Type: article

Study designs: Randomized Controlled Trial, Clinical Trial

Abstract: ABSTRACT Background and Aims Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and chronic inflammation. The activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is a key contributor to the inflammatory processes associated with T2DM, which can exacerbate disease progression. This study aims to evaluate the effects of vitamin D3 supplementation on oxidative stress markers and NLRP3 gene expression in patients with T2DM. Methods Sixty‐eight patients with T2DM, exhibiting HbA1c levels greater than 6.5% and serum 25(OH) vitamin D3 levels below 30 ng/mL, were enrolled in this randomized controlled trial. Participants were assigned to either a vitamin D3 group ( n = 34), receiving 50,000 IU/week for 8 weeks, or a placebo group ( n = 34). Serum levels of oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde [MDA], total antioxidant capacity [TAC], and thiol levels) and NLRP3 gene expression were assessed at baseline and after the intervention. Results The vitamin D3 group demonstrated a significant increase in serum 25(OH) vitamin D3 levels compared to the placebo group ( p < 0.001). However, no significant changes were observed in oxidative stress markers (MDA, TAC, and thiol levels) between the groups. Importantly, NLRP3 gene expression was significantly reduced in the vitamin D3 group compared to the placebo group ( p < 0.02). Conclusion These findings suggest that vitamin D3 supplementation may effectively reduce inflammation in T2DM patients by lowering NLRP3 expression. This supports the potential role of vitamin D3 as an adjunctive therapy for managing inflammation and oxidative stress in individuals with T2DM.

Source: Health Science Reports

DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.70770

Authors: Shadi Behshad, Yaser Mohammadi, Gholamreza Anani Sarab, Mohammad Malekaneh, Azam Rezaei Farimani

Institutions: Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences

Language: English

Topic: Vitamin D Research Studies

Subfield: Pathology and Forensic Medicine

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $3,280