Climate Change Education at the Primary School Level in Pakistan: A Comparative Analysis of Curricula and Teaching Practices
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Education about climate change serves as a fundamental requirement for establishing environmental stewardship among primary school students. The investigation compares climate change knowledge between Pakistani public and private primary schools by utilizing UNESCO's climate education framework together with Shulman's Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK). The research methodology combined quantitative and qualitative methods to analyze textbooks from the Punjab Textbook Board and Oxford University Press, gather survey data from teachers, and conduct structured interviews followed by statistical assessment. The research shows modest direct climate-related learning appears in both public and private school curricula with private schools achieving better results in teaching methods. The participating sectors demonstrate teaching difficulties because of insufficient training and complex material which strengthens the argument for educational development based on UNESCO principles as well as PCK best practices.
Source: Global Social Sciences Review
Authors: Saima Habib, Tayyaba Zain
Institution: University of Education
Language: English
Subfield: Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4410018200