Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Aging in humans is a heterogeneous process influenced by both biological and chronological factors. Biological age reflects an individual's physiological reserve and functional status. Increasing evidence suggests that cancer and its therapies accelerate biological aging. Many biomarkers have been evaluated to assess the biological age of patients with cancer. These biomarkers are emerging as potential tools to predict cancer-related toxicity and an individual's functional capacity as well as to individualize treatment. METHODS: This review summarizes the current literature on aging biomarkers in cancer patients, with a focus on markers of cellular senescence and epigenetic modification. We evaluate the existing evidence supporting their use as predictors of toxicity in patients undergoing chemotherapy and radiation therapy. RESULTS: Biomarkers such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), leukocyte telomere length (LTL), and DNA methylation age show potential for assessing biological age, frailty, and functional reserve. The expression of p16INK4A has demonstrated promise in predicting therapy-induced toxicity and making treating decisions. However, additional confirmatory studies are necessary to further validate these biomarkers before they can be utilized as decision aids. CONCLUSION: Aging biomarkers hold promise for individualizing cancer therapy and predicting treatment-related toxicity. However, further studies are essential to validate their reliability and support their integration into clinical practice.
Source: Cancer Medicine
DOI: 10.1002/cam4.70929
Institutions: Bridgeport Hospital, Yale University, Yale Cancer Center
Language: English
Subfield: Physiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $4,700
OpenAlex ID: W4410077772