Work

Hematological Markers in Thromboembolic Events: A Comparative Study of COVID-19 and Non-COVID-19 Hospitalized Patients

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Background/Objectives: SARS-CoV-2 infection increases thrombotic events in hospitalized patients, especially those of greater severity. It has been associated with the cytokine storm and worsening renal and liver function, increased inflammatory markers, and altered coagulation markers. This study analyzes differences in inflammatory, hepatic, renal, and coagulation markers between hospitalized patients with and without COVID-19 who experienced thromboembolic events during the last three years of the pandemic. Methods: This single-center, retrospective observational study, with an inferential component and biomarker analysis, included 663 patients (600 without COVID-19, 63 with COVID-19) admitted between December 2022 and January 2023. Results: Patients with COVID-19 exhibited significantly higher mean glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (100.5 mL/min/1.73 m2; p < 0.01) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels (33.0 IU/L; p < 0.01) compared to those without COVID-19. Ferritin levels were also significantly elevated in COVID-19 patients (441.1; p < 0.01), particularly those with severe disease. Conversely, troponin I was significantly higher in patients without COVID-19 (22.6 × 104 pg/mL; p < 0.001). Among COVID-19 patients, D-dimer levels were significantly higher in those not requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission (9.0 × 103 ng/mL; p = 0.023). Multivariate analysis revealed a significant association between COVID-19 and sex. Conclusions: Overall, renal function did not differ significantly between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients. However, renal function was better in patients admitted to the ICU, regardless of COVID-19 status. Troponin I levels were elevated in non-COVID-19 patients, while ferritin and ALT levels were higher in COVID-19 patients. D-dimer levels showed no significant difference between the two groups.

Source: Journal of Clinical Medicine

DOI: 10.3390/jcm14093192

Authors: Elena María Gázquez-Aguilera, Tesifón Parrón-Carreño, Delia Cristóbal-Cañadas, Bruno José Nievas-Soriano, David Lozano-Paniagua

Institutions: Complejo Hospitalario Torrecárdenas, University of Almería

Language: English

Topic: COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies

Subfield: Infectious Diseases

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $3,137