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Exploration of comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography: Theoretical aspects and practical considerations - A tutorial

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography (LC×LC) is a valuable tool for the analysis of very complex samples. LC×LC, which involves the coupling of two or more orthogonal separation systems, is a potential alternative to the conventional liquid-chromatography (1D-LC) approach. The profits of such a technique, compared to the 1D-LC approach, are the increased resolving power along with significant reduced ion enhancement or suppression phenomena in the MS source. This tutorial aims to provide detailed information on theoretical and practical aspects of the LC×LC approach with a particular focus on column combination, method optimization and separation performance. In addition, future perspectives and new trends are highlighted.

Source: Journal of Chromatography Open

DOI: 10.1016/j.jcoa.2025.100222

Authors: Katia Arena, Francesco Cacciola, Roberto Laganà Vinci, Paola Dugo, Luigi Mondello

Institution: University of Messina

Language: English

Topic: Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography

Subfield: Spectroscopy

Field: Chemistry

Domain: Physical Sciences

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,360

OpenAlex ID: W4410083342

FWCI: 0.738

Cites: 94

Cited by: 3

Related to: 10