Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: The in vitro and in vivo performance of nanoparticles is directly linked to their physicochemical attributes, i.e., their shape, size, crystal phase and surface properties. By definition, nanoparticles are particles with three external dimensions in the range of 1–100 nm, per ISO 80004-1:2023. They may be naturally occurring, incidental, or intentionally engineered, with their physicochemical properties influencing their biological interactions. Broadly, they have been classified as ultrafine nanoparticles if not intentionally produced, and as engineered nanoparticles produced in a systematic and controlled manner. The designation of “nano,” as affixed to particulate systems, is determined by the size of discrete particles. Therefore, rigorous analysis of particle size and accurate assessment of their properties with a special focus on their particle size distribution, morphology and surface chemistry, is of great importance for their interaction with the biological surroundings. In this review, we discuss the main analytical techniques used in particle size measurements and relate the outcomes with the cytotoxicity and genotoxic profile of nanoparticles commonly used for drug delivery.
Source: Frontiers in Nanotechnology
Institutions: Universidade Tiradentes, Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Centro de Investigação e de Tecnologias Agro-Ambientais e Biologicas, Maharshi Dayanand University, University College Dublin
Language: English
Subfield: Materials Chemistry
Field: Materials Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,077
Awards: G3804501085, G390684045, G437751198
OpenAlex ID: W4410133245