Interferon-induced activation of dendritic cells and monocytes by yellow fever vaccination correlates with early antibody responses
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Yellow fever vaccination provides long-lasting protection and is a unique model for studying the immune response to an acute RNA virus infection in humans. To elucidate the early innate immune events preceding the rapid generation of protective immunity, we performed transcriptome analysis of human blood dendritic cell (DC) and monocyte subpopulations before and 3, 7, 14, and 28 d after vaccination. We detected temporary upregulation of IFN-stimulated genes (ISG) in all DC and monocyte subsets on days 3 and 7 after vaccination as well as cell type-specific responses and response kinetics. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed rapid appearance of activated DC and monocyte clusters dominated by ISGs, inflammatory chemokines, and genes involved in antigen processing and presentation. This was confirmed by flow cytometric analysis in a large cohort of vaccinees. We identified SIGLEC1/CD169 upregulation as a sensitive indicator of the transient IFN-induced activation state elicited in DCs and monocytes by YF17D vaccination correlating with early protective IgM antibody responses.
Language: English
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Awards: TRR 237: NukleinsäureImmunität, Mechanismen der Effektivität der Gelbfieber17DImpfung: Ein immunostruktureller Ansatz mit Blick auf die Entwicklung einer PanFlavivirus Vakzine, Understanding the mechanism of Yellow Fever 17D vaccine efficacy: An immuno-structural approach towards the design of a Pan-flavivirus vaccine, Deconstructing the protective immunity of yellow fever virus 17D to inform flavivirus vaccine design, G7135536653, SFB 1054: Kontrolle und Plastizität von Zelldifferenzierungsprozessen im Immunsystem
OpenAlex ID: W4410153733